Alpha GPC, whose full name is Alpha Glycerophosphocholine, is a natural chemical compound found in the brain and in certain foods, such as soybeans. It is a rich source of choline, an essential nutrient that is a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Why is it considered a nootropic? Nootropics are substances that can improve cognitive function, memory, creativity and motivation in healthy individuals. Since Alpha GPC supports the production and release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter crucial for memory and learning, it is categorized as a nootropic.
Mechanism of action: Alpha GPC provides the body with free choline which, once in the brain, is converted to phosphatidylcholine and subsequently acetylcholine. Acetylcholine plays vital roles in cognitive functions such as memory, attention and concentration. Therefore, by increasing acetylcholine levels, Alpha GPC can improve these functions.
Benefits:
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Cognitive Enhancement : Alpha GPC has been shown to improve memory and mental processing speed in some research, making it an ally for students and professionals.
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Support in neurodegenerative diseases : Studies have indicated that it may be useful in diseases such as Alzheimer's, due to its ability to increase acetylcholine levels.
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Recovery after brain injuries : It has been proposed that Alpha GPC may aid in recovery from brain injuries, such as concussions or strokes.
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Exercise Enhancer : Some research suggests it may improve muscle strength and power, which could benefit athletes and fitness buffs.
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Reducing the rate of cognitive decline : Regular supplementation may help slow the rate of age-related cognitive decline.
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Mood improvement : Some users report improvements in mood and reduction in symptoms of depression or anxiety.
Absorption: Alpha GPC is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with high bioavailability. Its absorption is not necessarily dependent on the presence of food, although some users find it beneficial to take it with a meal to minimize any potential stomach discomfort. Once absorbed, it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier, allowing its effects to manifest in the brain.
Possible adverse effects and contraindications: The vast majority of people tolerate Alpha GPC well. However, some may experience side effects such as:
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Nervousness
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
It is recommended that those who suffer from liver disease, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or take anticholinergic medications consult a doctor before consuming Alpha GPC. It is also essential to start with low doses and monitor for any reactions.
More information about Alpha GPC and its dosage: https://nootropicsexpert.com/alpha-gpc/
References on studies:
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Bronzetti E., Felici L., Amenta F. “Effect of ipsilateral lesioning of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and of L-alpha-glyceryl phosphorylcholine treatment on choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in the rat fronto-parietal cortex.” Neuroscience Letters 1993 Dec 24;164(1-2):47-50 ( source )
Vega JA, Cavallotti C., del Valle ME, Mancini M., Amenta F. “Nerve growth factor receptor immunoreactivity in the cerebellar cortex of aged rats: effect of choline alfoscerate treatment.” Mechanisms of Aging and Development 1993 Jun;69(1-2):119-27. ( source )
Ceda GP, Ceresini G., Denti L., Marzani G., Piovani E., Banchini A., Tarditi E., Valenti G. “alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine administration increases the GH responses to GHRH of young and elderly subjects.” Hormone and Metabolic Research 1992 Mar;24(3):119-21 ( source )
Parnetti L., Abate G., Bartorelli L., Cucinotta D., Cuzzupoli M., Maggioni M., Villardita C., Senin U. “Multicentre study of l-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine vs ST200 among patients with probable senile dementia of Alzheimer's type.” Drugs Aging 1993 Mar-Apr;3(2):159-64 ( source )
Ceda GP, Ceresini G., Denti L., Magnani D., Marchini L, Valenti G., Hoffman AR “Effects of cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine administration on basal and growth hormone-releasing hormone-induced growth hormone secretion in elderly subjects. ” Acta Endocrinologica (Copenhagen). 1991;124(5):516-20. ( source )
Trabucchi M., Govoni S., Battaini F. “Changes in the interaction between CNS cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons induced by L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, a cholinomimetic drug.” Farmaco Sci. 1986 Apr;41(4):325-34. ( source )
Traini E., Bramanti V., Amenta F. “Choline alphoscerate (alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline) an old choline- containing phospholipid with a still interesting profile as cognition enhancing agent.” Current Alzheimer's Research 2013 Dec;10(10):1070-9. ( source )
Florio T., Bajetto A., Thellung S., Arena S., Corsaro A., Bonavia R., Merlino M., Schettini G. “Prolonged treatment with α-glycerylphosphorylethanolamine facilitates the acquisition of an active avoidance behavior and selectively increases neuronal signal transduction in rats” Aging Clinical and Experimental Research October 1999, Volume 11, Issue 5, pp 335-342 ( source )
Parnetti L., Amenta F., Gallai V. “Choline alphoscerate in cognitive decline and in acute cerebrovascular disease: an analysis of published clinical data.” Mechanisms of Aging and Development 2001 Nov;122(16):2041-55. ( source )
